Negative narrow bipolar lightning needs critical cloud height
نویسندگان
چکیده
منابع مشابه
Positive and Negative Cloud-to Ground Lightning*
Positive cloud-to ground lightning (+ CGL) occurs in a minor fraction of all thunderstorms [1]. We propose that the microscopic mechanism is the same as in the more common negative CGL, whereas the different polarity is due to the macroscopic cloud dynamics [2]. The origin of collisional charging involves three stages in the basic process [3]. In the first stage kinetic roughening of the surfac...
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Article history: Received 6 August 2012 Received in revised form 31 January 2013 Accepted 6 February 2013 We report preliminary results of a new observational study of microwave-frequency electromagnetic radiation that is emitted by lightning discharge processes. Radiation was observed with a ceramic patch antenna and a digital radio receiver tuned to a center frequency of 1.63 GHz and a bandwi...
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A long-standing but fundamental question in lightning studies concerns how lightning is initiated inside storms, given the absence of physical conductors. The issue has revolved around the question of whether the discharges are initiated solely by conventional dielectric breakdown or involve relativistic runaway electron processes. Here we report observations of a relatively unknown type of dis...
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The observed reduction in cloud-to-ground lightning in the near-equatorial zone is examined from the perspective of the width of the main negative charge region. Thermodynamic observations of cloud base height also show a minimum value in the near-equatorial region. The association of low cloud bases with both narrow updrafts and narrow charging zones may impede the bridging of the large air ga...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Eos, Transactions American Geophysical Union
سال: 2013
ISSN: 0096-3941
DOI: 10.1002/2013eo150018